Mad scientistic Allen Millyard keeps grafting more
displacement and cylinders together. This siamesed 2300cc Kawasaki V-12
motorcycle his his latest wild ride. By Roland
Brown
"Mind if I smoke?"
Allen Millyard lights up his
V-12.
Allen Millyard's first attempt at a burnout
doesn't work. In what we hope was an isolated incident of "mad
scientist gone tame," Millyard fails to feed the rear tire enough
good ol' V-12 torque. Rather than engulf the scene in smoke and sweet
music, the big Kawasaki simply inches forward with its front tire
squeaking in protest. But Millyard's not going to be beaten, and
tries again—and this time the rear Michelin breaks traction. Suddenly,
Millyard has a massive grin on his face, and is revving the hell out
of his latest creation, which makes a glorious growl through its open
pipes while smoke pours from the spinning rear tire.
The 41-year-old nuclear research engineer from Berkshire,
west of London, has good reason to be pleased with his unique,
hand-built machine. At first glance it looks almost like a standard
version of the gigantic KZ1300 six that Kawasaki released in 1978/1979
in the rush toward ever larger and more powerful superbikes. But this
particular machine is considerably bigger; it includes two complete
KZ1300 cylinder blocks grafted together to make a 70-degree V-12.
If you know anything about Millyard and his history of
building bikes—especially old-style Kawasakis—with more than their
original number of cylinders, the V-12 Kawasaki won't come as a
complete surprise. After starting this wacky process by creating Honda
V-twins using a pair of C90 and then SS50 cylinders, he produced a
string of Kawasaki two-strokes with four-, five- and even six-pot
powerplants based on the old air-cooled triples. Then he built an even
more ambitious special, a 1600cc V-eight compiled from two
four-cylinder KZ1000 engines (which we profiled in September '02).
It was while at a classic bike show with that V-eight
that Millyard hatched a plan to go a stage further with a KZ1300-based
V-12. It wasn't even Millyard's idea. "I was there looking after my
V-eight, and there were a couple of KZ1300 crankcases for sale nearby.
Some guys saw the cases and said, 'Suppose you're going to make a V-12
next, then?' I said no, I wasn't, and they replied that it would be
impossible anyway. Of course, as soon as they said that, I had to build
one. I spent the next two days thinking about how I was going to do it,
and by the time the show ended I'd worked it out."
Designing and building the V-12 required plenty of
thought even for Millyard because this project was far more ambitious
than the V-eight. The creation of the engine was similar in that he
once again retained the original cylinders as the front bank and
grafted on a second set at the rear using a shared crankshaft. "The
original cylinders are only five degrees from vertical," Millyard says,
"but I wanted to make this engine symmetrical, so I set both banks at
35 degrees from vertical to give a 70-degree V-12."
Creating the V-12 was made much more difficult by the
six-cylinder engine's lack of internal symmetry. "The rear head is cut
and reversed, and runs backward, but this caused a nightmare because
the KZ1300 cams and sprockets aren't in the middle of the engine, as
they are on the KZ1000," Millyard recalls. "The stud positions are
slightly different and the cams are offset. So I had to cut away all
the water passages and oil galleries, then remake them, plus the
cam-chain tensioner and new cam runs. I made a cam chain from two
heavy-duty Hyvo chains welded together. It's about six feet long—taller
than me!"
The only thing smaller than standard is the engine's
stroke, which is reduced from 71mm to 63mm using flywheel weights from
Kawasaki's 750cc H2 triple. "I wanted to reduce a bit of stress in the
engine and also have a roller-bearing crankshaft," he says. "The KZ1300
had some problems with its plain bearing crank and I didn't want to
make it worse, so I converted it all to roller bearings so I can pump
oil through even at low pressure."
Retaining the original 62mm bore gives a capacity of
2281cc. Pistons, valves and camshafts are standard, though cam timing
has to be slightly out because the cams aren't quite symmetrical, and
don't run backward perfectly. "I've probably lost a few horsepower, but
that doesn't matter. The standard KZ1300 made 130 hp, so this engine
has the potential to make 260!"
A more serious problem was that the liquid-cooled six,
though huge, has a more modern and compact crankshaft design than the
KZ four, so Millyard could not repeat his V-eight trick of using pairs
of side-by-side con-rods. Instead he designed new rods based on radial
aircraft engine practice, with the front one of each pair of cylinders
using a master rod, to which is attached a smaller secondary rod for
the rear cylinder.
Looks production, no? Millyard is an absolute rocket scientist (literally),
doing much of the actual problem-solving in his head before getting out his
various hand tools. You heard that right; he uses hacksaws and hand files to do
a significant amount of the work. The resulting 2281cc 70-degree V-12, which
melds nearly two Kawasaki KZ1300 mills, is an absolute engineering masterpiece.
"That was the only drawing I did on the whole bike,
using cardboard templates," Millyard recalls. "The con-rods were the
hardest part of the engine. Everything's so narrow and there's very
little bearing area, so I had to use the strongest material I could."
Finding the required grade of high-tensile chrome-moly steel proved
difficult. "I had to buy five-inch-diameter round bars, then machine a
20mm thick plate out of the center, so 90 percent was wasted. I
couldn't cut it with a saw, and it would have taken months on my old
milling machine. But luckily my friend Chris Halliday of Pretech (who
supplied the bike's brakes) offered to do the rods on his CNC machine."
Fuel injection is from a late-model KZ1300 Voyager, and
is improbably close to standard, though Millyard added some volume
switches from a radio, which allow the system to be fine-tuned. He
built the exhaust system himself using various cheap pieces of a car
exhaust. "It's a straight-through system, basically four 3-into-1s
linked up. It's designed so I can fit standard silencers, but I don't
want to because it'd be far too quiet."
Plenty of other standard Kawasaki bits have found their
way onto the beast. The starter motor, alternator and regulator are all
late-model KZ13 items. The radiator was made by taking two standard
aluminum units, cutting the top off one and the bottom off the other
and welding them together. The system is plumbed with a large-bore
central heating pipe, and uses a rally car electric pump to keep
coolant circulating whenever the ignition is switched on.
Never
thought you'd be looking at a V-12-powered motorcycle and thinking
nothing looks too glaringly out of the ordinary, did you?
Tubular-steel frame is a cut-and-enlarged donor from a KZ1300 Voyager,
as is the fuel injection. Modern six-piston front brakes from Pretech
are a necessary antidote to both the V-12 and the 770-pound weight of
this beast.
The chassis looks almost normal until you realize that
even the KZ1300's notoriously huge fuel tank could not possibly extend
above such a monstrous motor. Millyard cut the original in two and
added a four-inch-wide strip to enlarge it, taking the opportunity to
hollow out extra space underneath as an airbox for the filterless
intake system. Capacity is still a generous eight gallons, which is
just as well because consumption was initially around 8 mpg....
The tubular-steel frame is from the Voyager version of
the KZ13, once again cut in two and enlarged, this time with four extra
pieces of tubing, plus some bracing where it can't be seen. The
necessarily huge 30Ah battery takes up all the space beneath the seat,
so other parts had to be relocated with the aid of a homemade wiring
loom.
Millyard was helped by a classic Kawasaki enthusiast who
donated many old engine parts, and sold him a complete Voyager rolling
chassis. A standard fork (with added preload spacers), wheels and discs
are combined with extra-stiff Hagon shocks and a pair of modern
six-piston Pretech front brake calipers to combat the bike's weight of
approximately 770 pounds. Numerous dry runs using an electric motor
meant Millyard wasn't surprised when the V-12 started up on the first
press of the button, and ran well after minimal injection fine-tuning.
But after a few weeks he had a setback when a big-end bearing seized,
fortunately without causing further damage. After that he fitted
phosphor-bronze bushings to the con-rods, and upgraded the lubrication
system with a high-pressure feed to the small end (which had relied on
oil mist). While the engine was apart he took the opportunity to
increase the final drive ratio; the KZ1300's overengineered shaft-drive
system is otherwise untouched.
"Modern,
attention-grabbing style coupled with the street credential
garnered by the name KZ1300 and you've got yourself a real...."
Seriously, though, the big V-12-powered Kawasaki moves out nicely
and effortlessly thanks to copious amounts of torque from the
depths of the tach. And like all V-12s, it sounds sweet!
All was working well when I arrived for a brief ride.
From the fairly tall seat the Kawasaki seemed huge but curiously
near-normal, though I soon became conscious of the hot rear cam cover
between my shins, as well as the bike's sheer size and weight. The
standard angular instrument panel is coupled with a swept-back KZ900
handlebar whose shape allows a typically upright riding position
despite the extra tank length. Such was the V-12's low-rev torque that
all it required was a hint of throttle to cruise along with the motor
barely breaking a sweat.
Having ridden a couple of Millyard's previous Kawasaki
creations, I expected the V-12 to be well-behaved and oil-tight, and it
was. It was also massively torquey, responding cleanly when I wound the
throttle from below 2000 rpm in top gear, which thanks to its recent
gearing change was approximately 45 mph. The seductive low-rev burble
changed to a snarl, and the Kawasaki surged smoothly forward like the
world's most tuneful magic carpet.
Throttle response in the lower gears was slightly
snatchy, but remarkably good considering the engine's complexity. I was
keeping revs below 4000 rpm, yet the V-12 still had enough grunt to
seem fast as well as relaxing. That rev limit gives a cruising speed of
approximately 90 mph, which suited the big naked bike with its wide
handlebars just fine. "I got it up to just under 100 mph the other day
and it was effortless," Millyard says. "But I'm not really interested
in opening it right up. I want it to sound good, be reliable and not
leak oil."
Back in the late 1970s, even those who criticized the
original KZ1300's size had to admit that it handled well. So I wasn't
surprised that even this far more excessive Kawasaki felt stable and
comfortable, especially as I took things pretty easy in the bends. At
slow speeds there was no forgetting the bike's length, as well as all
that weight. But the V-12 didn't wobble or weave despite a fairly worn
rear Michelin. And the powerful six-pot front brakes slowed it with
reassuring efficiency.
Millyard didn't mind trashing the rear tire with a few
more burnouts after my ride, as he was planning to fit a new one before
putting in some serious mileage over the next few months. He finished
the bike too late for this year's Isle of Man TT, but is planning a
trip there next June. "I could ride over the Mountain at 100 mph on it
now. And since I've changed the gearing it gets over 15 mpg, which
isn't bad because the original KZ1300 was very thirsty."
One thing he isn't planning to do is sell the V-12. "All
my two-strokes are gone now. I've had a few inquiries about the V-eight,
too, and might be tempted. But it would take a really silly offer
before I'd sell the V-12. It took me so long to make—almost every
evening for nine months. Now I just want to have some fun on it." Looks
like he already is.
This is
Alan Millyards latest project, some of you may have seen some of his work
already. The guy can do anything with an engine...or two. The first
picture here shows the engine shell, wow!
The engine
sat in the frame with the exhausts fitted. Note the frame has been
stretched slightly(10cm) to accommodate the "larger" engine.
The tank
after being modified to fill the frame.
The next
set of pictures are the finished article photo's taken at Stafford.
The tank looks much better now.
I can see
the frames been modified, hence I can only guess he'll have to do the
same to the tank. But with twelve cylinders hungry for fuel he'll need a
bigger tank anyway. Talking of fuel how the hell can he feed all twelve
from on bank of injectors? I'm sure he'll manage it some how after all
he's worked near miracles in the past. Given the extra cylinders and cams
I guess he'll need more oil, will one pump do it? will the sump have to
be modified to hold more? Where the hell will he house all those coils?
Will the shaft take the extra horses? Is the clutch going to hold up? Can
the single crank take the abuse its about to be given?
I will try
to find out the answers to these and other question as soon as I can get
hold of Allan.
Okay
questions answered:-
D. Does the
bike need a bigger sump and better oil pump?
AM. The
bike will have no more oil:- the white metal bearings have all been
replaced by roller bearings and the oil pump is more than sufficient to
do the job.
D. Will the
crank take the strain of the extra horsepower?
AM. It's a
new crank home made just for the job.
D. How many
CC will the bike be?
AM. 2200cc
because I've reduced the stroke length to 62 thus enabling the engine to
rev higher. The loss of cylinder capacity will be made up by the higher
reving engine.
D. What
will you do to the clutch so that it won't slip.
AM. A guy
in france is running a twin turbo, nitrous set up generating 200+bhp on a
standard clutch, I will put slightly stronger springs in it.
D. How many
bhp do you think it will generate at the back wheel?
AM. 200+
D. How will
you stop the bike overheating?
AM. I'm
using the standard radiator but upgrading the pump to a high pressure
pump.
D. I can
see it's fuel injected, however each injector is feeding two cylinders
split at the manifold how will you get the supply right?
AM. The 13
engine is quite crude it just fires the fuel in to the manifold leaving
the engine to suck when it wants it. The same principle will apply,
inject into the manifold and the cylinder will suck when it wants the
fuel. It's not like a modern engine injecting on the inlet stoke.
D. How much
longer is the bike now?
AM. 100mm
I hope this
answers any questions you guy's may have had, I'm sorry if I didn't cover
everything but Alan only had a limited amount of time to spare me.